You have a very kind heart to be opening your home and life to this lil guy.
His story is a heart wrenching one- and one I have heard far too many times. My first career I was a Child and Youth worker, I did it for about 8 years- working with toddlers to teens.
One thing to keep in mind is that he will always be affected by the trauma of his past. He was abused during his formative years, so he will carry the weight of that abuse with him through life. That's not saying that the damage has been done and there is nothing anyone can do about it though.
What he needs is constant re-inforcement from you that his physical and emotional health is safe. This is something you can talk to him about...
Sometimes we had success with kids writing up small contracts the sizes of posters they could hang on their wall. Include the things he wants on the poster and let him colour and decorate it.
Quote:
These are my rights!
1) No one has the right to hit me or scream at me.
2) If I do something wrong, we will talk about it without yelling.
3) I have the right to ask for help whenever I need it.
4) I have a right to feel safe in my own house...
And so on and so forth...
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It's something that even though he may not be able to read just yet, But he will understand- it's just something tangible...and it remains in plain view... it's also something he has participated in, which is healthy for him to be a part of.
Feeling safe is going to be a huge recovery process for him.... And it sounds as if you are making progress and gains with that. Kids respond great to repetition and boundaries... and praise of course.
If he was ever locked into small spaces or left alone for long periods of time- time outs may need to be altered so he doesn't associate doing something wrong with his past abuse.
I am not sure if he was physically and sexually abused- but sexual abuse is a slightly tougher trauma to heal from.
It's never too early to talk to him and talk a lot, to tell them that they are loved and cherished.
We used to tell the kids everyday that no one had a right to hit them or hurt them.
You are going about it the right way- it just takes a lot of time to undo some of the damage that has been done. He's lucky to have you!